Hotaling's Warehouse

Hotaling's Warehouse

San Francisco, United States

See that brick building? Four fifty-one Jackson Street.

See that brick building? Four fifty-one Jackson Street. Italianate facade, cast-iron shutters, a plaque on the wall. This was the West Coast's largest whiskey warehouse. And in April nineteen oh-six, the United States Army decided they couldn't blow it up.

Five twelve in the morning, April eighteenth. A magnitude seven-point-nine earthquake hits San Francisco. Forty-five seconds of shaking. Then the fires start. The city's water mains are broken — there's no pressure in the hydrants. The fire chief, Dennis Sullivan, is mortally injured in the first minutes when a hotel dome crashes through his ceiling. His replacement has no expertise with explosives.

Over the next three days, fire consumes eighty percent of the city. Twenty-eight thousand buildings. Two hundred and fifty thousand people lose their homes. The Army uses dynamite to create firebreaks — blow up buildings, starve the fire of fuel. They're working their way along Jackson Street, building by building, and then they reach f

our fifty-one. Hotaling's Warehouse. Thousands of barrels of bourbon.

Someone makes a calculation. If you blow up thousands of barrels of whiskey, you don't create a firebreak. You create a fireball. Every building within a block goes up, the fire gets worse, and you're standing downwind of burning bourbon — which is a sentence that has limits even for the United States Army.

So they save it ins

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Quick Facts

  • 451 Jackson Street: West Coast's largest whiskey warehouse; Italianate facade, cast-iron shutters
  • 1906 earthquake: 7.9 magnitude, 5:12 AM, April 18; fire consumed 80% of city
  • 28,000 buildings destroyed; 250,000 homeless; Fire Chief Sullivan killed in first minutes
  • Army decided not to dynamite whiskey warehouse (would create fireball)
  • Lt. Frederick Freeman: 11-block fire hoses from Embarcadero tug, pumped seawater
  • Edward Lind: wine pumps, "compote of sewage and salt-water seepage" bucket brigade
  • 12 churches burned nearby while whiskey warehouse survived
  • Charles K. Field wrote poem on envelope with UC Berkeley professor Jerome Landfield
  • A.P. Hotaling died 1900, six years before earthquake
  • Supreme Court case 1879 for J.H. Cutter bourbon label
  • Hotaling Place: SF's oldest alley; wavy lines in concrete mark original shoreline
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